Tuesday, January 21, 2020
How businesses develop :: Business and Management Studies:
How businesses develop The aim of this report is to produce a portfolio based on an investigation of two contrasting businesses. I have chosen two different companies for my report. It will include a description of type of ownership and the different liabilities of owners. A description off different industrial sectors and currant UK trends in their growth or decline. Description of business activities and current UK trends in their growth or decline. The reason for the location of each business. A Description of the influence of each stakeholder on each business. Of my chosen businesses. Type of owner ship The large company I have chosen is Tesco the reason I chose Tesco is itââ¬â¢s a very successfully growing large company. Tesco is public limited company (PLC) (Means that any one can be shareholder) Public limited companies are the largest type of privately owned enterprise in the UK. A PLC has power to rise large amount of capital, through selling itââ¬â¢s shares to the public. A Public Limited Company can sell its shares on the Stock Market, the owners of a Limited Company are not involved in the running of the business, unless they have been elected to the Board of Directors This means it can develop the business more easily then private limited company, sole trader. It can also benefit from being a large-size organization. It will be able to buy in bulk, and specialise. Tesco sells Groceries, cloths, CDs, videos, DVDs, books, Computer Games, Electricals, school equipment, Wines and other alcohol drinks. Tesco is currently the leading supermarket in uk. Tesco as a pretty good Competition from other supermarkets such as Sainsbury, Safeway. But Tesco is cheaper then most of the other supermarkets and they offers lot more products. Recoding to Toscoââ¬â¢ on average Sainsbury's are 4% more expensive than Tesco and Safeway are 10% more expensive than Tesco. There are more then 700-plus stores and many distribution centres are located in United Kingdom. They have several office sites in the UK and Ireland, where there key support functions are based. The majority of office staff is based in Hertfordshire. Tesco has been operating on an international basis for long time, anticipating the need to become a major retail name in key regions, they moved into central Europe, where they have a strong presence in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic and the dynamic Asian market. Been a PLC Tesco has advantages such as have limited liability, enjoy maximum continuity, can raise large sums of capital, large size enable them to enjoy economies of scale' such as being able to buy supplies in bulk and they find it easy to borrow money then smaller businesses
Monday, January 13, 2020
Hudson Bay Company
The Bay ââ¬â You are the Buyerâ⬠¦ Assignment Erica Hobb Sarah Walkington As a Buyer for the Bay, I would ensure that these new brands that I was bringing in to my department would be productive by researching every brand and making sure there on the same trend line that we are trying to follow. Knowing your target market is also a key element when introducing new brands.The selection factors that I would look at when choosing what brands to bring into my store would be dependent on the season, fit, colour or pattern, durability of garment or product, price, versatility/multi-use, designer label/prestige factor and quality of construction. When deciding what brands to get rid of and which ones to keep, this would be solved by knowing which products are successful and which ones are not. Also which brands are going to match the new reconstruction of our company the Bay and which brands fits in with the new theme and which ones are outdated.In my opinion, the different factors o f the two retailers are: The Bay is very Canadian based, not just because it started in Canada but because even their window displays are reflective to a Canadian theme, where as Holt Renfrew is known for being a high end retailer selling brands and products that are available and sold in other retail stores. The Bay has added over 250 new brands and 90% of which are exclusive to the Bay in Canada. Another factor that is different between the two retailers is their pricing.Holt Renfrew is designed for people with lavish lifestyles and an eye for expensive designer clothing where as The Bay ranges from all price points. The Bay has style and affordable merchandise. Also the customer service you find at both retailers are very different. When going into Holt Renfrew, your getting the whole shopping experience. Employees almost tend to smother you making sure everything you need is at there service where the Bay is more low key.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
The Importance Of Teamwork And Its Terms Of Management
INTRODUCTION Past has always had an enormous influence on the future. This phenomenon is usually seen in a regular life; human behavioural changes. These include relationships, attitude that people carry into a life or system that they believe in. Workplace environment is a good example of how people build these relationships, how much energy do they invest in and how do they create a team regarding to management. Team is a unit of two or more parties who take part in a performance to achieve specific goals. Once Andrew Carnegie (Scottish American industrialist) said that Teamwork is the ability to work together toward a common vision. The ability to direct individual accomplishments toward organizational objectivesâ⬠.This essay indicates an importance of teamwork and its equivalents in terms of management. These include globalisation, technological development, increased diversity and challenges for managers according to teamwork. As a part of the assignment I am going to highlight the chan ges appeared in 21st century in terms of the Scientific Management, represent them in year 2017 and reflect upon learning outcomes from the assignment and module. MAIN FINDINGS In 19th century management principles were based on different beliefs and values. Organisations were controlled in different ways than it is believed to be now in 21st century. Frederick Tylor ââ¬â one of the main principles of Scientific Management and ââ¬Å"Taylorismâ⬠theory (1856-1915) initiator believed in theShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Human Resource and Operational Management Practices on Company Productivity: a Longitudinal Study790 Words à |à 4 PagesArticle 1: The Impact of Human Resource and Operational Management Practices on Company Productivity: A Longitudinal Study Dana Cuffee BSA 523 Operations Management and Analysis August 31, 2009 Dr. Woo This article talks about human resource and the operational management practices on a company productivity. This paper reports on the study that evaluates the individual and collective impact on manufacturing performance of the seven managerial practices most associated withRead MoreTeamwork As A Core Component Of Teamwork1028 Words à |à 5 PagesTeamwork as stated in a study by Weiss and Hoegl (2015) is defined as a small amount of individuals, a group who partake in actions towards a goal shared by a common interest. After reflecting upon the past history of mankindââ¬â¢s roots, it seems teamwork has been practised to not only survive but thrive. The same study used to can be used to deduce fairly plausible conclusions of trends on the spread and adoption of the use of teamwork throughout the last century as derived from academic analysisRead MoreTeamwork Is Essential For Business Success1591 Words à |à 7 Pagesindividual efforts. In addition to that working togethe r in a team can apply individual perspectives, experiences, and skills to solve complex problems and also creating new solutions and ideas that may be beyond the scope of any one individual. Teamwork is essential for business success: The adoption of teams has become essential to successful organizations of different kinds and sizes.Teams advantage associations by consolidating individuals who can accomplish objectives speedier and more viablyRead MoreThe Impact of Technology in Developing Effective Teamwork in Organizations1147 Words à |à 5 PagesDeveloping Effective Teamwork in Organizations: Teamwork is one of the most important elements for the effectiveness of an organization in achieving its goals because people are an essential building block of total quality management within the organization. Actually, the main responsibility of the achievement of quality lies with the individual or group carrying out the organizational activities and processes. The importance of teamwork in an organization is evident in the fact that the complexityRead MoreLeading Change Within An Organization808 Words à |à 4 PagesSolicit feedback and ask for perspective- To transform an organization, leaders must have their pulse on the thoughts of those charged with leading the alteration initiatives. Management should not be intimidated with others thoughts and concern, but encourage those around them to articulate their points of view (American Management Association, 2014). Lastly, leaders should not rely on conjecture and assumptions, but gather feedback to formulate more effective s trategies. 4. Engage individuals affectedRead MoreConcept Analysis : Walker And Avant1031 Words à |à 5 Pagesanalysis to clarify meanings of terms and define concepts with an excepted outcome of readers and writers communicating in a common language. The Walker and Avantââ¬â¢s method used in the concept analysis of concept of teamwork. Teamwork is the most important factor to deliver the most effective care to patients all over the world. The importance of teamwork emphasized in different documents (Xyrichis Ream, 2008). Moreover, a recent IOM publication warns that reduced teamwork amongst healthcare professionalsRead MoreManagerial Competency1166 Words à |à 5 PagesIntroduction ââ¬Ëââ¬ËCompetency-based strategic management is a relatively new way of thinking about how organizations gain high performance for a significant period of time. Established as a theory in the early 1990s, competence-based strategic management theory explains how organizations can develop sustainable competitive advantage in a systematic and structural way. The theory of competence-based strategic management is an integrative strategy theory that incorporates economic, organizational andRead MoreThe Culture Of Chin Leadership And Management1573 Words à |à 7 PagesLeadership and Management The culture of China, in terms of management inside of a company is described as each person has a very clear role and that helps organization to keep things in order. Unlike Serbia and Montenegro where it has a culture of employees expecting employer to give them detailed directions and no questions are expected. Generally managers in China use autocratic leadership style. However they will not embarrass or punish employee publicly or in front of the colleagues. AnotherRead MoreThe Complex Nature Of Major Infrastructure Projects1135 Words à |à 5 Pages THE PLANNING FALLACY STEINBACH, KEVIN (1512052) MSC PROJECT MANAGEMENT SUM104 - PROJECT PLANNING AND CONTROL DOMINIC AHIAGA-DAGBUI 2ND NOVEMBER 2015 424 WORDS 1. Introduction The complex nature of major infrastructure projects means they are heavily dependent on effective teamwork and integration between parties for their success. Gajendran and Brewer (2012) state that these aspects of project management are critical to the success of any project, however it is clear that implementingRead MoreApplication Of Concept Analysis For Clinical Practice1149 Words à |à 5 Pagesanalysis to clarify meanings of terms and define concepts with an expected outcome of readers and writers communicating in a common language. The Walker and Avantââ¬â¢s method used in the concept analysis of concept of teamwork. Teamwork is the most important factor to deliver the most effective care to patients all over the world. The importance of teamwork emphasized in different documents (Xyrichis Ream, 2008). Moreover, a recent IOM publication warns that reduced teamwork amongst healthcare professionals
Saturday, December 28, 2019
Contemporary American Poetry and Its Public Worlds Essay
But who has the will to concern himself with such dangerous maybes? For that, one really has to to wait for the advent of a new species of philosophers, such as somehow another and converse taste and propensity from those we have known so far--philosophers of the dangerous maybe in every sense. (Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, sec 2.) This will not be one more lament for the sad state of contemporary American poetry. Yet to define some of the basic strengths of new work I have to begin with what seems like a lament. For perhaps the most important invigorating element for contemporaries is a widespread dissatisfaction with what is called romantic lyricism, poetry based on the dramatization of intense subjective statesâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦For poetry to achieve cultural currency, in both senses of that term, it may have to find ways of reconciling the energies of romantic lyricism to overtly rhetorical ambitions and strategies. It will take me a long time to get to those ambitions because I first have to clarify plausible ways of using the concept of poetrys relations to a public world, and then I have to use that discussion in order to dramatize the problems of mediated culture that demand those new strategies. Criticism now seems divided between two basic understandings of how poets can evade romantic lyricism and directly address public worlds. The first is fundamentally agenda-based. Here poetrys relation to the public world consists in its efforts to offer timely statement or testimony responding to pressing social issues, usually as an effort to represent the interests of a specific community. The second option forgoes this emphasis on specific thematic concerns in order to stress instead the overall stances that poets develop. From this perspective it matters less what you say than how you manage to cultivate an ethos that is perceived as representing theShow MoreRelatedHe Went Anything But Gentle Es say1664 Words à |à 7 PagesMost contemporary American poetry is characterized by themes of love, death, and family. Dylan Thomasââ¬â¢ poetry, however, does not fall into the typical contemporary mold. Instead of merely writing about social and intellectual issues using free verse, as most of his contemporaries did, he wrote with overwhelming passion and intensity about his own life in strict poetic forms. One of his most famous poems is a villanelle, ââ¬Å"Do not go gentle into that good nightâ⬠, which he wrote about his dying fatherRead MoreNikki Giovanni: The Princess of Black Poetry Essay1698 Words à |à 7 Pagestwentieth-century, when Contemporary Literature was emerging from 1960 to present time, it was seen as a product of the post-Second World War situation. Yolande Cornelia ââ¬Å"Nikkiâ⬠Giovanni was born in Knoxville, Tennessee and raised in Lincoln Heights, an all-black suburb in Cincinnati. Giovanni is one of the most commonly read American poets; her frankness in her writing has brought her a lot of recognition and prominence. Giovanni became the voice of many African Americans, her contribution to theRead MoreThe Beat Generation Subculture Essay948 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe norm. In the 1950s a group of American writers that exemplified this behavior formed. They were called the beat generation. The beat generation was particularly remarkable because although it was began by an exceptionally small group of people, its cultural influence was enormous. The beats rebelled against things like conformity and consumerism in the post World War II society. Their writing challenged both traditional American values and contemporary writing styles. Incorporating influencesRead MoreSonnet Analysis1471 Words à |à 6 PagesReclaiming the Sonnet: Cummings and Millayââ¬â¢s Contemporary Use of the Classical Poetic Form Fourteen lines, iambic pentameter, rhyme scheme-- the classical form of the sonnet has been employed by poets since the thirteenth century. Whether the Italian Petrarchan, the English Shakespearean or other variations on the quatorzain, some of the most widely-read poets have risen to fame as sonneteers. Typically sonnets address romantic love or lust, but occasionally poets will lyrically meditate on natureRead MoreEssay on Percy Bysshe Shelley Defends Poetry1608 Words à |à 7 PagesPercy Bysshe Shelley Defends Poetry ââ¬Å"While Mrs. Bush understands the right of all Americans to express their political views, this event was designed to celebrate poetry.â⬠ââ¬â Office of the First Lady, in regards to the cancellation of a poetry symposium. (Benson) In ââ¬Å"A Defence of Poetry,â⬠Percy Bysshe Shelley puts forth the claim that poets are the ââ¬Å"unacknowledged legislators of the worldâ⬠(810). Although Mrs. Bush might disagree, Shelley argues convincingly in favor of such a positionRead MoreLegacy of Leslie Marmon Silko Essay1404 Words à |à 6 PagesAlbuquerque, New Mexico to Leland (Lee) Howard Marmon and Mary Virginia Leslie. She is Pueblo Laguna, Mexican and Euro-American heritage. Silko grew up near the Laguna Pueblo Indian Reservation in Southwest New Mexico. She attended both BIA (Bureau of Indian Affairs) schools and parochial schools. Her Native American family made sure she had an understanding of Native American traditions which included storytelling, and a deep appreciation of the land and customs of Native people from her grandmotherRead MorePerhaps We Are Going Away by Ray Bradbury839 Words à |à 3 Pagescensorship, especially into artistic ventures, during the cold war was manifested in his work. After the Second World War the United Statesââ¬â¢ government began to defend against communism through the alienation of high profile potential communists, which deeply disturbed Bradbury, whom from early on in his life, especially during his time in Hollywood, had developed a love for the world of the arts and entertainment and was slow to adopt socio- technological revolutions. Bradbury grew up in HollywoodRead MoreEssay on H.D.: The Fusion of Classicism and Modernity1729 Words à |à 7 Pagespsychoanalysis to establish for herself a prominent voice among her contemporaries. Born Hilda Doolittle in 1886 to Helen and Charles Doolittle, her education was fostered by the intellectual curiosity of her parents (an artist and an astronomer, respectively) and the proximity of The University of Pennsylvania. Closely associated with poet Ezra Pound, she spent much of her adult and professional life surrounded by literary contemporaries. Doolittle was a woman whose work was not limite d to a single interestRead MoreThe Incident Of The Police Officer1486 Words à |à 6 PagesWilson at 12:03pm, Brown reportedly held his hands up in surrender, yet the unarmed teenager was still shot dead in the streets in an unlawful killing by a criminal justice representative. Within moments of the incident social media was updated and the world had been alerted. ââ¬Å"I just saw someone die,â⬠was posted on Twitter followed by the photo of lifeless Brown creating local concern and hunger for information as to why the young man was gunned down unlawfully when his body was still and remained in aRead MoreAnalysis Of Claudia Rankines Citizen931 Words à |à 4 Pagesseveral times of resistance movements for the rights of the black, Americans even have gone through the Civil War which almost ruined the U.S., they still could not be totally free and earn most peoples respect yet. After reading Claudia Rankines ââ¬Å"Citizenâ⬠, it becomes much clearer about the racial disc rimination in our real daily life. Claudia Rankine is a poet who is good at writing lyric poetry, her book ââ¬Å"Citizen: A American Lyricâ⬠reveals a tragic fact that even as a powerful developed country
Friday, December 20, 2019
Analysis Of Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird - 1210 Words
redujice is not something we are born with; it is something that we grow to learn from who and what surrounds us, things that help to form our identity. Prejudice is an integral theme in Harper Leeââ¬â¢s, To Kill A Mockingbird. Prejudice is evident throughout the novel, not just in the appalling racism but also through, prejudice against different sexual orientations, gender constructs and feminism. Society had certain constructs that had to be met. Throughout To Kill A Mockingbird, Lee breaks the bounds to overcome barriers, and challenge social constructs. This feature article delves into how two different generations, can be affected by the same one issue; two birds, one stone, the 1960s and todayââ¬â¢s contemporary society, pained byâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This is apparent in To Kill A Mockingbird when Calpurnia, the Finchââ¬â¢s maid, has two different ways of speaking, the ââ¬Ëwhiteââ¬â¢ way, and the ââ¬Ëcoloured wayââ¬â¢. When she was around the Finchââ¬â¢s or their company she would speak as eloquently as possible, and when she was amongst friends she would speak more inarticulately. ââ¬Å"Suppose you and Scout talked coloured-folkââ¬â¢s talk at home ââ¬â itââ¬â¢d be out of place, wouldnââ¬â¢t it? Now what if I talked white-folkââ¬â¢s talk at church, and with my neighbours? Theyââ¬â¢d think I was puttinââ¬â¢ on airs to beat Mosesââ¬â¢ (Lee, p.136). This aspect could resonate with many readers during the 1960s as making your identity conform to other people was quite common. Peo ple used to have to put on accents to fit in. To Kill A Mockingbird is narrated from the perspective of a child which in turn makes the reader question why things are the way they are. After reading the novel, the 1960s generation may have begun to think, if a child, as young as Scout, is able to decipher that the treatment of different social groups and political groups is wrong, then how have we, as adults, come to allow to such unjust treatment of other individuals. In turn, this impacts on the values, attitudes and beliefs of the readers, which make up their identity. ââ¬Å"Those of us who began working in the 1960s and ââ¬Ë70s live to work. Our identity is wrapped up in what we do. Young people today work to live. They are more concerned about spending time with family and friendsâ⬠ââ¬â ElaineShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird1626 Words à |à 7 Pages Pure Hearts Jem and Scout, throughout ââ¬Å"To Kill A Mockingbird,â⬠learn to consider things from other peopleââ¬â¢s perspectives. Atticus, Jem and Scoutââ¬â¢s father, says ââ¬Å"you never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view ââ¬â until you climb into his skin and walk around inâ⬠(Lee 39). They learn this through experiences with their neighbor Boo Radley as they mature beyond their years. At the beginning of the novel, Jem and Scout make fun of Boo and assume that all of theRead MoreTheme Of To Kill A Mockingbird1699 Words à |à 7 Pages The Pureness of Mockingbirds In 1960, Harper Lee published one of the most controversial books of our time. To kill a mockingbird contains three debatable themes; racism, good and evil, and morals. Harper Lee uses three children and rape trial to portray these topics. These themes are present throughout the story of a small Alabama town divided over a rape trial including an African American man and a young white girl. Leeââ¬â¢s novel is still disputed over to this day. One of the bookââ¬â¢s centralRead MoreEssay To Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination893 Words à |à 4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird: An Analysis of Discrimination The most important theme of the 1960 Pulitzer Prize winning novel To Kill a Mockingbird is author Harper Leeââ¬â¢s tenacious exploration of the moral nature of people. Lee tenaciously explores the moral nature of human beings, especially the struggle in every human soul between discrimination and tolerance. The novel is very effective in not only revealing prejudice, but in examining the nature of prejudice, how it works, and its consequencesRead MoreEssay Justice System in To Kill a Mockingbird897 Words à |à 4 PagesAlthough the dedication of Mr. Finch in ââ¬Å"To Kill a Mockingbirdâ⬠, even though it turned out against his favor due to an absence of evidence and a debauched court hearing. This court hearing makes readers question whether or not the justice system of that era was fair and in retrospect, a good question is whether or not our justice system today is fair and lawful. If you think that a false conviction was unfair, Tom is eventually killed for his fals e conviction under a faulty justice system. To meRead MoreRacism And Critical Disposition Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1415 Words à |à 6 PagesAn Analysis of Racism and Critical Disposition in Maycomb County Racism was a tremendous issue in Harper Leeââ¬â¢s To Kill a Mockingbird. It was applied throughout the novel and was increasingly used to judge others in Maycombââ¬â¢s society. Racism was revealed through the novel to characters Jem, Scout, and Dill who were young children that were learning about the good and evil in the small town they lived in. Racism was a constant and significant topic. There were many aspects that contributed to racismRead MoreA Time to Kill and to Kill a Mockingbird1314 Words à |à 6 PagesThe movie based on John Grishams A Time to Kill is a Hollywoodized, modern-day version of To Kill a Mockingbird. Both movies employ many of the same themes and plot elements; but the former movie is one-dimensional and predictable while the latter is innovative and purposeful. The movie version of Harper Lees novel To Kill a Mockingbird is considered a classic film, whereas John Grishams adapted novel is merely another example of the money making efforts of Hollywood . Some of the movies moreRead MoreHow Harper Lees life and childhood influenced her writing of To Kill A Mockingbird2417 Words à |à 10 PagesHARPER LEES VIEW OF THE 1930S AS A CHILD Harper Lee is well known for her great contributions towards modern society through her astounding book, To Kill a Mockingbird. The novel is read world-wide, in high schools and colleges because of its in-depth look at the social classes in the south during the 1930s. The book was influenced by society, in particular the social order of the south during her childhood. Lee grew up during this time of controversy which is why she writes so passionately aboutRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Literary Analysis Essay1026 Words à |à 5 Pages Harper Leeââ¬â¢s To Kill a Mockingbird demonstrates organic unity through the use of literary tools to create, maintain, and amplify the central theme. Lee constructs and develops the theme of social inequality by employing dialogue, irony, and an extended metaphor. Through dialogue, the townspeople show contempt for blacks, viewing them and anyone who treats them as equals as inferior. This is evident in the analysis of the conversations of Bob Ewe ll, Mrs. Dubose, and Francis Hancock where they referRead MoreKill A Mocking Bird By Harper Lee Essay1581 Words à |à 7 PagesTo Kill a Mocking Bird is a written narrative by Harper Lee. The story is a linked sequence of conflict as seen through the eyes of a little girl named Scout. It looks back at a time when social injustice of prejudice was prevalent. The story if full of interesting characters, some good and some bad, but each very important to the plot of the story. It is very important to understand each of characterââ¬â¢s views and the plot of the story as it plays an important role in the overall theme of the storyRead MoreAnimal Farm Paradox Analysis1013 Words à |à 5 PagesPublished Sample Analysis: In this part in Animal Farm, the pigs wish to enact rules that will benefit them at the expense of the other animals on the farm. In one of their rules, a paradox is created whose function is to expose the truth that despite governments claiming to treat everyone equal ly, they tend to favor certain groups over others. The paradox is created through the statement that some are more equal than others, which is a contradicting statement because if some are more equal than
Thursday, December 12, 2019
Plc Cadbury free essay sample
PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE A companyà ¶s differentiating and positioning strategy must change as the product, market, and competitors change over time. For that it is important to understand the concept of product life cycle and the changes that are normally made as the product passes through each stage ot the life cycle. THE CONCEPT OF THE PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE 1. Products have limited life. 2. Products sales pass through distinct stages, each posing different challenges, opportunities and problems to the seller. 3. assignment help usa Profit rise and fall at different stages of the product life cycle. 4. Products require different marketing, financial, manufacturing, purchasing, and human resource strategies in such stage of their life cycle. Most product life cycle curves are portrayed as bell-shaped curves. This curve is typically divided into four stages: y y y y Introduction Growth Maturity Decline INTRODUCTION STAGE OF PLC GROWTH STAGE MATURITY STAGE DECLINE STAGE ABOUT THE COMPANY y y y y Cadbury started in 1824 by John Cadbury. We will write a custom essay sample on Plc Cadbury or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In India, Cadbury began its operation in 1948 by importing chocolates. Cadbury India operates in four categories mainly Chocolate Confectionery, Milk Food Drinks, Candy and Gum category. Cadbury enjoys a value market share of over 70%- the highest Cadbury brand share in the world. PRODUCTS HANDLED Indian brands include: y y y y y y y y y Dairy Milk 5 star Perk Tempetation Celebrations Eclairs Gems Bytes Bournvita PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE OF CADBURY ? Cadbury is in its Maturity Stage as its revenue growth was up 12% and in India it grew up by 23%. New add-ons are being added to keep the excitement on and to stay in the market in pace with their competitors. Cadbury has kept a good look on their competitors and does spends a good amount on advertisements by endorsing Brand Ambassadors for Cadbury (Amitabh Bacchan) and also coming with brand extension with new products. 5 Star has come out of its growth stage and entered the Maturity Stage and hence we are seeing few extensions in the product (Crunchy and Fruit Nut) to keep that product developing. ? ? RE LAUNCHING Cadbury is re-launching the product because the product has crossed the maturity stage of the product life cycle. Once the product finishes its maturity level, the sales may start decreasing so in order to increase the sales by 3-5% and keep the product in touch with the competition the product is re-launched. As India is emerging market, hence the company forecasts the sales of the hocolates to grow by 8% after launching 5 Star Jelly in different flavours. Target audience will be small school going kids mostly in rural areas who will give this Rs. 2 as gift to all their friend on their birthday. 5 STAR JELLY Weight (in grams) Price( in Rs) 30 10 15 5 2 2 INGREDIENTS Nougat+Caramel63%, liquid glucose, sugar, hydrogenated vegetable oils, milk solids, cocoa solids, invert sugar, soya solids, salt, emulsifiers( E471), edible gum(412) and acidity regulator(526), milk chocolate 37%, sugar, cocoa butter, milk solids, cocoa solids, emulsifier( E442,E476) +fruit flavor+fruit jelly. FLAVOURS ? ? ? ? Orange Mango Strawberry Pineapple CONCLUSION ? ? Every product has a life cycle and every company focuses on extending it. Cadbury five star is present in the market from various decade so strategies are being made order extend the plc, so that customers can make more use of products. Re-packaging, innovating new flavors and promotional tactics can extend the product life cycle and the product can remain for a longer time in the market. ?
Wednesday, December 4, 2019
Effective Leadership and Management in Nursing
Question: Discuss the managing patient deterioration or patients with pain in the ED. An example of an incident that required leadership/management skills. Answer: Managing patient deterioration or patients with pain in the ED As a registered nurse, the management and the provision of the care and safety to the patient in every situation is the foremost duty of my profession. During the practice, a nurse has to face several cases where patients are suffering from various ailments. There was one case during my nursing practice involving a lady who was a 70-year-old suffering from intense abdominal pain and was immediately admitted to the emergency department. The management of the elderly patients is sometimes very difficult due to certain barriers faced during the assessment and the treatment and this case also included the same problem. As pain is the subjective experience and there is no objective means or tests to measure the quality and intensity of the pain. Hence, an effective communication is very important for the management of the acute and chronic pain in the patient (Herr et al., 2011). However, as the patient in this case was elder and was also positive for dementia, there was a barrier in the communication, which hindered the assessment of the pain in detail. At that time there was the requirement of the patience and interpersonal skills to encourage the patient to discuss her pain in detail. Moreover, with the help of the training that I had received during my nursing practice, I also kept on observing the behavioral expressions of the patient in determining the intensity of the pain. With the knowledge of the past medical history of the patient and under assistance of the physician, the low dose of the analgesic trial was given to the patient according to the available information regarding the pain for its management (Czarnecki et al., 2011). Description- As the patient was a geriatric patient and had dementia symptoms; I was having issues while communicating with her and it was decreasing the effectiveness of the pain management service Feelings- I felt bad for the patient by looking at her situation and felt bad for the fact that I was not capable of improving her situation. However, I always tried to communicate with her and tried to establish a positive relationship with her. I observed her past medical history and current status and tried to implement the effective pain assessment tools for analyzing her pain severity Evaluation- While evaluating my role for handling this patient, I have analyzed that I have tried to achieve the nursing competency standard; I always repeated facts to combat with her forgetfulness. In this context, I have explored the experiences from nursing training and handled the patient by observing her behavioral expression to assess the intensity of the pain. Conclusion- In conclusion, it can be said that I have tried to assist the patient by evaluating her issue, in spite of the barrier in communication due to her status of dementia and severe pain. Through the help of my management and nursing skills, I tried to establish a care plan for resolving the situation. Action- Finally, I tried to rely on her previous medical history and with the help of a physician started to administer low dose pain medication trial and followed up her improvement throughout 15 successive days. An example of an incident that required leadership/management skills Being a registered nurse, it is important to ensure patients safety and provision of the best quality of work to the patients. For providing the best care service, from my perspectives, the nurse should have the best management and leadership qualities. It is because, being a registered nurse, they have enough responsibilities to manage critical situations in the health care environment. In addition to the patient care services, the registered nurse has to manage many internal issues which might arise in the contemporary health framework within team mates and other health care workers. In this context, the registered nurse has the highest priority to assess the incident and implement the most suitable intervention through her acquired skills and capabilities to resolve those issues, thereby helping the organization to improve the overall quality of service provided (Barr Dowding, 2012). In this context, one incident I have faced an incidence which required the essential management/leadership skills of a nurse leader and I explored the leadership skills for resolving the current issue in that context through the implementation of effective nursing strategies suitable for that situation. I will explain the situation through a reflective framework, the Gibbs Reflective cycle. Gibbs reflective cycle included the five consecutive steps, including description, feelings, evaluation, conclusion and action (Bouch, 2012). Description- During the period of my nursing practice, I have faced a conflict where one of my team mate undertaken a wrong step in the health care settings. She forgot to administer a particular medication to a patient. After addressing her fault, she did not attempted to rectify her fault, in spite of thinking about resolving the situation; she did not inform anyone about the issue. I was not aware of the issue at all. The patient was at a severe condition and missing one dose of his medication could be life threatening. The day after this incidence, she told me about the incident she have done. Feelings- After listening the incident from her, I was initially shocked, thinking about the consequences. I felt shocked thinking about the possible consequences for both the patients and the nursing staff. The patient might have negative consequences due to the missing dose of his essential medication. On the other hand, if the negative consequences happened to the patient, the patient family could sue the nursing staff; her nursing license could be cancelled. Thus, I felt sad for both of them, however, I could not support the nursing staff, as she did not tell anyone about her mistake and did not attempted to recover the situation. Therefore, it could be characterized as an offensive activity. Evaluation- From the situation, I have evaluated that the nurse did not met the nursing competency standards as well as the ethical considerations in the nursing competency framework. I have also analyzed that the patients situation can deteriorate further, if the missing dose is not compensated by an alternative approach, because the patient was in severe condition. I have analyzed the fact that I should convince the nursing staff to inform the situation to the entire health care team and then we could help her to resolve the situation. In this way we can make the situation better. Conclusion- In conclusion, I can say that the nurse did not meet the nursing standards along with the ethical codes which have been set for the nursing practices. In addition, the nurse did not inform the higher authority to resolve this issue. At this situation, with my problem solving skill, I tried to convince her to talks with the entire health care team to resolve the issue. Action- Finally, I have convinced the nurse to talk with the health care team. With a positive attitude, I helped to arrange a meeting with the team and there she talked with the patients physician. At this stage, I requested the physician to talk with the patient party and her apologies to the entire team and patient party. Finally, based on the patients assessment, the physician successfully applied alternative medication to the patient. Through effective communication and management skills, the situation was resolved. Reference List Barr, J. Dowding, L. (2012).Leadership in health care. Los Angeles: SAGE. Bouch, J. (2012). Reflective writing.Advances In Psychiatric Treatment,18(3), 161-161. https://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.18.3.161 Czarnecki, M., Turner, H., Collins, P., Doellman, D., Wrona, S., Reynolds, J. (2011). Procedural Pain Management: A Position Statement with Clinical Practice Recommendations.Pain Management Nursing,12(2), 95-111. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2011.02.003 Herr, K., Coyne, P., McCaffery, M., Manworren, R., Merkel, S. (2011). Pain Assessment in the Patient Unable to Self-Report: Position Statement with Clinical Practice Recommendations.Pain Management Nursing,12(4), 230-250. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2011.10.002 Bibliography Kooienga, S. Wilkinson, J. (2016). RN Prescribing: An Expanded Role for Nursing.Nursing Forum. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12159 Polit, D. Beck, C. (2012).Nursing research. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Sullivan, E. (2012).Effective leadership and management in nursing. Boston: Pearson. Sun, RN, PhD, V., Olausson, RN, MSN, CDE, J., Fujinami, RN, CCM, OCN, R., Chong, RN, MN, NP, C., Dunham, RN, MSN, NP, R., Tittlefitz, RN, MSN, NP-C, T. et al. (2015). The Role of the Advanced Practice Nurse in Survivorship Care Planning.Journal Of The Advanced Practitioner In Oncology,6(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2015.6.1.7 Wald, H., Borkan, J., Taylor, J., Anthony, D., Reis, S. (2012). Fostering and Evaluating Reflective Capacity in Medical Education: Developing the REFLECT Rubric for Assessing Reflective Writing.Academic Medicine,87(1), 41-50. https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31823b55fa Wharton, S. (2012). Presenting a united front: assessed reflective writing on a group experience.Reflective Practice,13(4), 489-501. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14623943.2012.670622
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